from collections import deque
from collections import Counter
from collections import OrderedDict
from collections import defaultdict
from collections import namedtuple

>>> from collections import deque
>>> deque_list = deque()
>>> for i in range(5):
...     deque_list.append(i)
...
>>> print(deque_list)
deque([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
>>> deque_list.appendleft(10)
>>> print(deque_list)
deque([10, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4])

>>> deque_list.rotate(2)
>>> print(deque_list)
deque([3, 4, 10, 0, 1, 2])

>>> deque_list.rotate(2)
>>> print(deque_list)
deque([1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 0])

>>> deque_list.extend([5,6,7])
>>> print(deque_list)
deque([1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 0, 5, 6, 7])

>>> deque_list.extendleft([5,6,7])
>>> print(deque_list)
deque([7, 6, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 0, 5, 6, 7])

>>> print(deque(reversed(deque_list)))
deque([7, 6, 5, 0, 10, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 7])

from collections import deque
import time

start_time = time.clock()
deque_list = deque()
# Stack
for i in range(10000):
    for i in range(1000):
        deque_list.append(i)
        deque_list.pop()
print(time.clock() - start_time, "seconds")

# 1.5220373509999998 seconds

import time
start_time = time.clock()
just_list = []
# Stack
for i in range(10000):
    for i in range(1000):
        just_list.append(i)
        just_list.pop()
print(time.clock() - start_time, "seconds")

# 3.242714918 seconds

>>> d = {}
>>> d['x'] = 100
>>> d['y'] = 200
>>> d['z'] = 300
>>> d['l'] = 500
>>> for k, v in d.items():
...     print(k,v)
...
('y', 200)
('x', 100)
('z', 300)
('l', 500)

>>> from collections import OrderedDict
>>> d = OrderedDict()
>>> d['x'] = 100
>>> d['y'] = 200
>>> d['z'] = 300
>>> d['l'] = 500
>>> for k, v in d.items():
...     print(k, v)
...
('x', 100)
('y', 200)
('z', 300)
('l', 500)

>>> from collections import OrderedDict
>>>
>>> d = OrderedDict()
>>> d['x'] = 100
>>> d['y'] = 200
>>> d['z'] = 300
>>> d['l'] = 500

# 앞 알파벳 기준 정렬
>>> for k, v in OrderedDict(sorted(d.items(), key=lambda t: t[0])).items():
...     print(k, v)
...
('l', 500)
('x', 100)
('y', 200)
('z', 300)

# 뒤 값 기준 정렬
>>> for k, v in OrderedDict(sorted(d.items(), key = lambda t: t[1])).items():
...     print(k, v)
...
('x', 100)
('y', 200)
('z', 300)
('l', 500)

d = dict()
print(d["first"])

raceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
KeyError: 'first'

>>> from collections import defaultdict
>>> d = defaultdict(object) # Default dictionary를 생성
>>> d = defaultdict(lambda: 0) # Default 값을 0으로 설정함
>>> print(d["first"])
0

from collections import defaultdict
from collections import OrderedDict

text = """A press release is the quickest and easiest way to get free publicity. If well written, a press release can result in multiple published articles about your firm and its products. And that can mean new prospects contacting you asking you to sell to them. Talk about low-hanging fruit!
What's more, press releases are cost effective. If the release results in an article that (for instance) appears to recommend your firm or your product, that article is more likely to drive prospects to contact you than a comparable paid advertisement.
However, most press releases never accomplish that. Most press releases are just spray and pray. Nobody reads them, least of all the reporters and editors for whom they're intended. Worst case, a badly-written press release simply makes your firm look clueless and stupid.
For example, a while back I received a press release containing the following sentence: "Release 6.0 doubles the level of functionality available, providing organizations of all sizes with a fast-to-deploy, highly robust, and easy-to-use solution to better acquire, retain, and serve customers."
Translation: "The new release does more stuff." Why the extra verbiage? As I explained in the post "Why Marketers Speak Biz Blab", the BS words are simply a way to try to make something unimportant seem important. And, let's face it, a 6.0 release of a product probably isn't all that important.
As a reporter, my immediate response to that press release was that it's not important because it expended an entire sentence saying absolutely nothing. And I assumed (probably rightly) that the company's marketing team was a bunch of idiots.""".lower().split()

print(text)

word_count = {}

# 초기화 
for word in text:
    if word in word_count.keys():
        word_count[word] += 1
    else:
        word_count[word] = 1
print(word_count)

for word in text:
    word_count[word] += 1
for i, v in OrderedDict(sorted(
        word_count.items(), key=lambda t: t[1], reverse=True)).items():
    print(i, v)

from collections import defaultdict
from collections import OrderedDict

text = """A press release is the quickest and easiest way to get free publicity. If well written, a press release can result in multiple published articles about your firm and its products. And that can mean new prospects contacting you asking you to sell to them. Talk about low-hanging fruit!
What's more, press releases are cost effective. If the release results in an article that (for instance) appears to recommend your firm or your product, that article is more likely to drive prospects to contact you than a comparable paid advertisement.
However, most press releases never accomplish that. Most press releases are just spray and pray. Nobody reads them, least of all the reporters and editors for whom they're intended. Worst case, a badly-written press release simply makes your firm look clueless and stupid.
For example, a while back I received a press release containing the following sentence: "Release 6.0 doubles the level of functionality available, providing organizations of all sizes with a fast-to-deploy, highly robust, and easy-to-use solution to better acquire, retain, and serve customers."
Translation: "The new release does more stuff." Why the extra verbiage? As I explained in the post "Why Marketers Speak Biz Blab", the BS words are simply a way to try to make something unimportant seem important. And, let's face it, a 6.0 release of a product probably isn't all that important.
As a reporter, my immediate response to that press release was that it's not important because it expended an entire sentence saying absolutely nothing. And I assumed (probably rightly) that the company's marketing team was a bunch of idiots.""".lower().split()

print(text)

word_count = {}

word_count = defaultdict(object)     # Default dictionary를 생성
word_count = defaultdict(lambda: 1)  # Default 값을 1로 설정함
for word in text:
    word_count[word] += 1
for i, v in OrderedDict(sorted(
        word_count.items(), key=lambda t: t[1], reverse=True)).items():
    print(i, v)

# print(text)
['a', 'press', 'release', 'is', 'the', 'quickest', 'and', 'easiest', 'way', 'to', 'get', 'free', 'publicity.', 'if', 'well', 'written,', 'a', 'press', 'release', 'can', 'result', 'in', 'multiple', 'published', 'articles', 'about', 'your', 'firm', 'and', 'its', 'products.', 'and', 'that', 'can', 'mean', 'new', 'prospects', 'contacting', 'you', 'asking', 'you', 'to', 'sell', 'to', 'them.', 'talk', 'about', 'low-hanging', 'fruit!', "what's", 'more,', 'press', 'releases', 'are', 'cost', 'effective.', 'if', 'the', 'release', 'results', 'in', 'an', 'article', 'that', '(for', 'instance)', 'appears', 'to', 'recommend', 'your', 'firm', 'or', 'your', 'product,', 'that', 'article', 'is', 'more', 'likely', 'to', 'drive', 'prospects', 'to', 'contact', 'you', 'than', 'a', 'comparable', 'paid', 'advertisement.', 'however,', 'most', 'press', 'releases', 'never', 'accomplish', 'that.', 'most', 'press', 'releases', 'are', 'just', 'spray', 'and', 'pray.', 'nobody', 'reads', 'them,', 'least', 'of', 'all', 'the', 'reporters', 'and', 'editors', 'for', 'whom', "they're", 'intended.', 'worst', 'case,', 'a', 'badly-written', 'press', 'release', 'simply', 'makes', 'your', 'firm', 'look', 'clueless', 'and', 'stupid.', 'for', 'example,', 'a', 'while', 'back', 'i', 'received', 'a', 'press', 'release', 'containing', 'the', 'following', 'sentence:', '"release', '6.0', 'doubles', 'the', 'level', 'of', 'functionality', 'available,', 'providing', 'organizations', 'of', 'all', 'sizes', 'with', 'a', 'fast-to-deploy,', 'highly', 'robust,', 'and', 'easy-to-use', 'solution', 'to', 'better', 'acquire,', 'retain,', 'and', 'serve', 'customers."', 'translation:', '"the', 'new', 'release', 'does', 'more', 'stuff."', 'why', 'the', 'extra', 'verbiage?', 'as', 'i', 'explained', 'in', 'the', 'post', '"why', 'marketers', 'speak', 'biz', 'blab",', 'the', 'bs', 'words', 'are', 'simply', 'a', 'way', 'to', 'try', 'to', 'make', 'something', 'unimportant', 'seem', 'important.', 'and,', "let's", 'face', 'it,', 'a', '6.0', 'release', 'of', 'a', 'product', 'probably', "isn't", 'all', 'that', 'important.', 'as', 'a', 'reporter,', 'my', 'immediate', 'response', 'to', 'that', 'press', 'release', 'was', 'that', "it's", 'not', 'important', 'because', 'it', 'expended', 'an', 'entire', 'sentence', 'saying', 'absolutely', 'nothing.', 'and', 'i', 'assumed', '(probably', 'rightly)', 'that', 'the', "company's", 'marketing', 'team', 'was', 'a', 'bunch', 'of', 'idiots.']

# print(word_count)
{'a': 12, 'press': 8, 'release': 8, 'is': 2, 'the': 9, 'quickest': 1, 'and': 9, 'easiest': 1, 'way': 2, 'to': 10, 'get': 1, 'free': 1, 'publicity.': 1, 'if': 2, 'well': 1, 'written,': 1, 'can': 2, 'result': 1, 'in': 3, 'multiple': 1, 'published': 1, 'articles': 1, 'about': 2, 'your': 4, 'firm': 3, 'its': 1, 'products.': 1, 'that': 7, 'mean': 1, 'new': 2, 'prospects': 2, 'contacting': 1, 'you': 3, 'asking': 1, 'sell': 1, 'them.': 1, 'talk': 1, 'low-hanging': 1, 'fruit!': 1, "what's": 1, 'more,': 1, 'releases': 3, 'are': 3, 'cost': 1, 'effective.': 1, 'results': 1, 'an': 2, 'article': 2, '(for': 1, 'instance)': 1, 'appears': 1, 'recommend': 1, 'or': 1, 'product,': 1, 'more': 2, 'likely': 1, 'drive': 1, 'contact': 1, 'than': 1, 'comparable': 1, 'paid': 1, 'advertisement.': 1, 'however,': 1, 'most': 2, 'never': 1, 'accomplish': 1, 'that.': 1, 'just': 1, 'spray': 1, 'pray.': 1, 'nobody': 1, 'reads': 1, 'them,': 1, 'least': 1, 'of': 5, 'all': 3, 'reporters': 1, 'editors': 1, 'for': 2, 'whom': 1, "they're": 1, 'intended.': 1, 'worst': 1, 'case,': 1, 'badly-written': 1, 'simply': 2, 'makes': 1, 'look': 1, 'clueless': 1, 'stupid.': 1, 'example,': 1, 'while': 1, 'back': 1, 'i': 3, 'received': 1, 'containing': 1, 'following': 1, 'sentence:': 1, '"release': 1, '6.0': 2, 'doubles': 1, 'level': 1, 'functionality': 1, 'available,': 1, 'providing': 1, 'organizations': 1, 'sizes': 1, 'with': 1, 'fast-to-deploy,': 1, 'highly': 1, 'robust,': 1, 'easy-to-use': 1, 'solution': 1, 'better': 1, 'acquire,': 1, 'retain,': 1, 'serve': 1, 'customers."': 1, 'translation:': 1, '"the': 1, 'does': 1, 'stuff."': 1, 'why': 1, 'extra': 1, 'verbiage?': 1, 'as': 2, 'explained': 1, 'post': 1, '"why': 1, 'marketers': 1, 'speak': 1, 'biz': 1, 'blab",': 1, 'bs': 1, 'words': 1, 'try': 1, 'make': 1, 'something': 1, 'unimportant': 1, 'seem': 1, 'important.': 2, 'and,': 1, "let's": 1, 'face': 1, 'it,': 1, 'product': 1, 'probably': 1, "isn't": 1, 'reporter,': 1, 'my': 1, 'immediate': 1, 'response': 1, 'was': 2, "it's": 1, 'not': 1, 'important': 1, 'because': 1, 'it': 1, 'expended': 1, 'entire': 1, 'sentence': 1, 'saying': 1, 'absolutely': 1, 'nothing.': 1, 'assumed': 1, '(probably': 1, 'rightly)': 1, "company's": 1, 'marketing': 1, 'team': 1, 'bunch': 1, 'idiots.': 1}

# print(i, v), value값 기준 정렬
a 24
to 20
the 18
and 18
press 16
release 16
that 14
of 10
your 8
in 6
firm 6
you 6
releases 6
are 6
all 6
i 6
is 4
way 4
if 4
can 4
about 4
new 4
prospects 4
an 4
article 4
more 4
most 4
for 4
simply 4
6.0 4
as 4
important. 4
was 4
quickest 2
easiest 2
get 2
free 2
publicity. 2
well 2
written, 2
result 2
multiple 2
published 2
articles 2
its 2
products. 2
mean 2
contacting 2
asking 2
sell 2
them. 2
talk 2
low-hanging 2
fruit! 2
what's 2
more, 2
cost 2
effective. 2
results 2
(for 2
instance) 2
appears 2
recommend 2
or 2
product, 2
likely 2
drive 2
contact 2
than 2
comparable 2
paid 2
advertisement. 2
however, 2
never 2
accomplish 2
that. 2
just 2
spray 2
pray. 2
nobody 2
reads 2
them, 2
least 2
reporters 2
editors 2
whom 2
they're 2
intended. 2
worst 2
case, 2
badly-written 2
makes 2
look 2
clueless 2
stupid. 2
example, 2
while 2
back 2
received 2
containing 2
following 2
sentence: 2
"release 2
doubles 2
level 2
functionality 2
available, 2
providing 2
organizations 2
sizes 2
with 2
fast-to-deploy, 2
highly 2
robust, 2
easy-to-use 2
solution 2
better 2
acquire, 2
retain, 2
serve 2
customers." 2
translation: 2
"the 2
does 2
stuff." 2
why 2
extra 2
verbiage? 2
explained 2
post 2
"why 2
marketers 2
speak 2
biz 2
blab", 2
bs 2
words 2
try 2
make 2
something 2
unimportant 2
seem 2
and, 2
let's 2
face 2
it, 2
product 2
probably 2
isn't 2
reporter, 2
my 2
immediate 2
response 2
it's 2
not 2
important 2
because 2
it 2
expended 2
entire 2
sentence 2
saying 2
absolutely 2
nothing. 2
assumed 2
(probably 2
rightly) 2
company's 2
marketing 2
team 2
bunch 2
idiots. 2

>>from collections import Counter
>>> c = Counter() # a new, empty counter
>>> c = Counter('gallahad') # a new counter from an iterable
>>> print(c)
Counter({'a': 3, 'l': 2, 'h': 1, 'g': 1, 'd': 1})

>>> c = Counter({'red': 4, 'blue': 2}) # a new counter from a mapping
>>> print(c)
Counter({'red': 4, 'blue': 2})
>>> print(list(c.elements()))
['blue', 'blue', 'red', 'red', 'red', 'red']

>>> c = Counter(cats=4, dogs=8) # a new counter from keyword args
>>> print(c)
Counter({'dogs': 8, 'cats': 4})
>>> print(list(c.elements()))
['cats', 'cats', 'cats', 'cats', 'dogs', 'dogs', 'dogs', 'dogs', 'dogs', 'dogs', 'dogs', 'dogs']

>>> from collections import namedtuple
>>> Point = namedtuple('Point', ['x', 'y'])
>>> p = Point(11, y=22)
>>> print(p[0] + p[1])
33
>>> x, y = p
>>> print(x, y)
(11, 22)
>>> print(p.x + p.y)
33
>>> print(Point(x=11, y=22))
Point(x=11, y=22)

from collections import namedtuple
import csv
f = open("users.csv", "r")
next(f)
reader = csv.reader(f)
student_list = []
for row in reader:
    student_list.append(row)
    print(row)
print(student_list)

columns = ["user_id", "integration_id", "login_id", "password", "first_name",
            "last_name", "full_name", "sortable_name", "short_name",
            "email", "status"]
Student = namedtuple('Student', columns)
student_namedtupe_list = []
for row in student_list:
    student = Student(*row)
    student_namedtupe_list.append(student)
print(student_namedtupe_list[0])
print(student_namedtupe_list[0].full_name)

# print(row)
['1555551', '', 'lrice', '', 'Lonnie', 'Rice', 'Lonnie Rice', 'Rice, Lonnie', 'Lonnie Rice', 'lrice@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555552', '', 'jthompson', '', 'Jan', 'Thompson', 'Jan Thompson', 'Thompson, Jan', 'Jan Thompson', 'jthompson@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555553', '', 'rreeves', '', 'Roger', 'Reeves', 'Roger Reeves', 'Reeves, Roger', 'Roger Reeves', 'rreeves@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555554', '', 'wgriffin', '', 'Warren', 'Griffin', 'Warren Griffin', 'Griffin, Warren', 'Warren Griffin', 'wgriffin@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555555', '', 'tsanders', '', 'Tammy', 'Sanders', 'Tammy Sanders', 'Sanders, Tammy', 'Tammy Sanders', 'tsanders@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555556', '', 'cprice', '', 'Carrie', 'Price', 'Carrie Price', 'Price, Carrie', 'Carrie Price', 'cprice@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555557', '', 'abowers', '', 'Alicia', 'Bowers', 'Alicia Bowers', 'Bowers, Alicia', 'Alicia Bowers', 'abowers@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555558', '', 'eramsey', '', 'Essie', 'Ramsey', 'Essie Ramsey', 'Ramsey, Essie', 'Essie Ramsey', 'eramsey@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555559', '', 'lwillis', '', 'Lila', 'Willis', 'Lila Willis', 'Willis, Lila', 'Lila Willis', 'lwillis@institution-name.edu', 'active']
['1555560', '', 'csoto', '', 'Corey', 'Soto', 'Corey Soto', 'Soto, Corey', 'Corey Soto', 'csoto@institution-name.edu', 'active']

# print(student_list)
[['1555551', '', 'lrice', '', 'Lonnie', 'Rice', 'Lonnie Rice', 'Rice, Lonnie', 'Lonnie Rice', 'lrice@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555552', '', 'jthompson', '', 'Jan', 
'Thompson', 'Jan Thompson', 'Thompson, Jan', 'Jan Thompson', 'jthompson@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555553', '', 'rreeves', '', 'Roger', 'Reeves', 'Roger Reeves', 'Reeves, Roger', 'Roger Reeves', 'rreeves@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555554', '', 'wgriffin', '', 'Warren', 'Griffin', 'Warren Griffin', 'Griffin, Warren', 'Warren Griffin', 'wgriffin@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555555', '', 'tsanders', '', 'Tammy', 'Sanders', 'Tammy Sanders', 'Sanders, Tammy', 'Tammy Sanders', 'tsanders@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555556', '', 'cprice', '', 'Carrie', 'Price', 'Carrie Price', 'Price, Carrie', 'Carrie Price', 'cprice@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555557', '', 'abowers', '', 'Alicia', 'Bowers', 'Alicia Bowers', 'Bowers, Alicia', 'Alicia Bowers', 'abowers@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555558', '', 'eramsey', '', 'Essie', 'Ramsey', 'Essie Ramsey', 'Ramsey, Essie', 'Essie Ramsey', 'eramsey@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555559', '', 'lwillis', '', 'Lila', 'Willis', 'Lila Willis', 'Willis, Lila', 'Lila Willis', 'lwillis@institution-name.edu', 'active'], ['1555560', '', 'csoto', '', 'Corey', 'Soto', 'Corey Soto', 'Soto, Corey', 'Corey Soto', 'csoto@institution-name.edu', 'active']]

# print(student_namedtupe_list[0])
Student(user_id='1555551', integration_id='', login_id='lrice', password='', first_name='Lonnie', last_name='Rice', full_name='Lonnie Rice', sortable_name='Rice, Lonnie', short_name='Lonnie Rice', email='lrice@institution-name.edu', status='active')

# print(student_namedtupe_list[0].full_name)
Lonnie Rice